Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cluster-randomized trial of Homework, Organization, and Planning Skills program compared to treatment as usual/waitlist for youth ages 11-14: Study protocol for conceptual replication.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Spontaneous Leg Movements Measured by Wearable Sensors in Infancy Differentiate Later Risk for Cerebral Palsy.

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same author

Performance outcomes of the PEDI-CAT for assessing functional ability in the population with leukodystrophy.

Developmental medicine and child neurology·2026
Same author

Risk and protective factors of depression among caregivers of children with disabilities in rural Rwanda.

BMJ global health·2026
Same author

Design of a Pediatric Low Motor Function Item Battery in leukodystrophies.

Molecular genetics and metabolism·2026
Same author

Rethinking the management of hereditary angioedema.

Allergy and asthma proceedings·2026
Same journal

Evaluating the Sandy Hook Promise Foundation's Know the Signs Program in Preventing School Violence in the Los Angeles Unified School District.

Journal of school violence·2026
Same journal

A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study of School Factors as Mediators from Depression and Parental Monitoring to Peer Victimization in Mainland Chinese Middle Schools.

Journal of school violence·2025
Same journal

School Goal Structures and Violence Against Educators Before and During COVID-19.

Journal of school violence·2025
Same journal

An Exploratory Study of Secondary School Student Victimization in Kosovo and Its Correlates.

Journal of school violence·2025
Same journal

A 12-Year Population-Based Analysis of Victimization and Climate Trends in Israeli Arab and Jewish Elementary Schools.

Journal of school violence·2025
Same journal

Risk and Protective Factors for School Absence among Youth with Minoritized Social Identities.

Journal of school violence·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
11:29

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Developing and Validating a New Classroom Climate Observation Assessment Tool.

Stephen S Leff1, Duane E Thomas, Edward S Shapiro

  • 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and The Philadelphia Collaborative Violence Prevention Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA.

Journal of School Violence
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new classroom observation tool using participatory action research (PAR) to measure the social environment, finding it feasible for assessing classroom climate and aggression.

More Related Videos

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
11:29

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Child Development
  • Sociology of Education

Background:

  • Classroom climate significantly impacts children's psychosocial development, influencing bullying and victimization.
  • Existing assessment tools for classroom social climate lack theoretical grounding and validation.
  • Developing reliable measurement tools is crucial for understanding and improving school environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of participatory action research (PAR) in developing a classroom social climate assessment tool.
  • To ascertain the psychometric properties of the newly developed observation tool.
  • To explore the association between classroom social climate and levels of relational and physical aggression.

Main Methods:

  • A novel observation tool was designed and refined through participatory action research (PAR).
  • The tool was preliminarily validated across 18 classrooms in urban public elementary schools (grades 3-5).
  • Data collection focused on classroom social dynamics, teacher practices, and peer interactions.

Main Results:

  • The PAR approach proved feasible for developing a theoretically-grounded measurement instrument.
  • Preliminary validation indicated promising psychometric properties for the classroom observation tool.
  • Further analysis is needed to determine associations with aggression indices.

Conclusions:

  • Participatory action research is a viable method for creating validated educational assessment tools.
  • The developed observation tool shows potential for measuring classroom social climate.
  • Future research should examine the tool's predictive validity regarding student aggression.