Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026
08:57
In Vitro Myelination of Peripheral Axons in a Coculture of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants and Schwann Cells
Published on: February 10, 2023
Polyradiculopathies from schwannomatosis.
Yuxia Jia1, James A Kraus, Hasini Reddy
1Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
The Open Neuroimaging Journal
|June 7, 2011
Summary
Schwannomatosis can present with radicular pain and multiple nerve tumors. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and INI1 immunohistochemistry are crucial for diagnosing the sporadic form and differentiating it from other schwannomatosis types.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Schwannomatosis is a rare tumor predisposition syndrome.
- It is characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas.
- Differentiating subtypes is essential for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of schwannomatosis with diverse clinical and imaging findings.
- To emphasize the diagnostic utility of MRI and INI1 immunohistochemistry.
- To highlight the distinction between familial, NF2-associated, and sporadic schwannomatosis.
Main Methods:
- Detailed clinical presentation and neurological examination.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for tumor detection across multiple nerve sites.
- Surgical resection of tumors and histopathological analysis.
- Immunohistochemical staining for INI1 protein.
Main Results:
- The case presented with radicular pain and numbness in multiple nerve distributions.
- MRI revealed tumors in the left vestibular nerve, cauda equina, right radial nerve, thoracic paraspinal nerve, and brachial plexi.
- Histopathology confirmed schwannomas with characteristic features (Antoni A/B areas, Verocay bodies).
- INI1 staining showed diffuse nuclear positivity, consistent with sporadic schwannomatosis.
Conclusions:
- This case underscores the varied presentation of schwannomatosis.
- MRI and INI1 immunohistochemistry are vital for accurate diagnosis and subtype differentiation.
- Distinguishing sporadic schwannomatosis from familial and NF2-associated forms is critical for prognosis and genetic counseling.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
01:23Spinal Nerves: Anatomy
Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
01:21Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
01:33Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
01:18Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division
The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...