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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty
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Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty

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Renal issues in HIV infection.

Robert C Kalayjian1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA. rkalayjian@metrohealth.org

Current HIV/AIDS Reports
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

HIV-associated kidney disease disproportionately affects people of African descent, with apolipoprotein L1 gene variants potentially contributing. Kidney disease markers predict cardiovascular risk and mortality in HIV patients, for whom transplantation is a viable option.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Kidney disease is a significant complication for individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • Antiretroviral therapy improves kidney function in HIV patients, but kidney disease remains prevalent.
  • Individuals of African descent experience a disproportionately high burden of severe kidney disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the contributing factors to kidney disease in HIV patients, particularly those of African descent.
  • To investigate the role of genetic variants, such as those in the apolipoprotein L1 gene, in HIV-associated nephropathy.
  • To highlight the prognostic value of kidney disease markers and the potential of kidney transplantation in HIV management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HIV-associated nephropathy.

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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

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  • Analysis of genetic associations with kidney disease in HIV-infected populations.
  • Evaluation of epidemiological data on kidney disease prevalence and outcomes in HIV patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Despite antiretroviral therapy, kidney disease persists as a major complication in HIV.
    • Genetic variants in the apolipoprotein L1 gene are implicated in the increased burden of kidney disease among individuals of African descent.
    • Microalbuminuria and other kidney disease markers are significant predictors of cardiovascular disease and mortality in people living with HIV.
    • Kidney transplantation shows promise as a therapeutic option for select HIV patients.

    Conclusions:

    • HIV-associated kidney disease requires ongoing attention, especially in vulnerable populations.
    • Genetic factors, including apolipoprotein L1 variants, play a crucial role in HIV nephropathy.
    • Early identification of kidney disease markers is vital for managing cardiovascular risk and mortality in HIV patients.
    • Kidney transplantation is an emerging and viable treatment for selected HIV-infected individuals with kidney failure.