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Rapid Prototyping of Microfluidic Systems in Poly(dimethylsiloxane).

D C Duffy1, J C McDonald, O J Schueller

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.

Analytical Chemistry
|June 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Rapid prototyping enables quick fabrication of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic devices within 24 hours. These devices demonstrate effective separation of biomolecules via capillary electrophoresis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Microfluidics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microfluidic systems offer miniaturization advantages for various applications.
  • Fabricating microfluidic devices, especially from elastomers like poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), can be time-consuming.
  • Rapid and reliable fabrication methods are crucial for advancing microfluidic technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid prototyping procedure for designing and fabricating microfluidic systems in PDMS.
  • To enable sealing of PDMS microfluidic devices within 24 hours.
  • To evaluate the performance of rapidly prototyped microfluidic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Computer-aided design (CAD) for microchannel network design.
  • Photolithography using a high-resolution printed mask to create a photoresist master.
  • PDMS casting against the master to create microfluidic channels.
  • Oxygen plasma oxidation for irreversible sealing of PDMS and to other substrates.
  • Fabrication of a miniaturized capillary electrophoresis system for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of PDMS microfluidic systems in under 24 hours.
  • Achieved irreversible and conformal sealing of PDMS using oxygen plasma treatment.
  • Demonstrated compatibility of oxidized PDMS with various substrates (glass, silicon, polystyrene).
  • Oxidized PDMS channels exhibited negatively charged walls, facilitating electroosmotic pumping.
  • Miniaturized capillary electrophoresis system achieved comparable separation resolution to fused silica capillaries for amino acids, proteins, and DNA.

Conclusions:

  • The described rapid prototyping technique significantly reduces fabrication time for PDMS microfluidic devices.
  • The method provides robust sealing and versatile substrate compatibility.
  • The fabricated systems are suitable for high-resolution separations, demonstrating the potential of rapid prototyping in microfluidics and bioanalysis.