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Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Porcine type I interferons: polymorphic sequences and activity against PRRSV.

Yongming Sang¹, Raymond Rr Rowland, Frank Blecha

¹Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA. blecha@vet.k-state.edu.

BMC Proceedings

|June 8, 2011

Summary

Porcine type I interferons (IFN) exhibit genetic diversity with over 100 identified polymorphisms. Some mutations significantly alter antiviral functions against viruses like PRRSV and VSV.

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Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

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Published on: December 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Genetics

Background:

Type I interferons (IFN) are crucial cytokines for antiviral immunity.
Porcine type I IFNs include at least 39 genes with varied anti-PRRSV activity.
This study investigates potential polymorphisms in porcine type I IFN genes.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize polymorphisms within porcine type I interferon genes.
To assess the impact of these polymorphisms on antiviral activity.

Main Methods:

Analysis of coding regions of porcine type I IFN genes.
Identification of nucleotide substitutions and deletions.
In vitro assessment of antiviral activity against PRRSV and VSV.

Main Results:

Over 100 potential polymorphic mutations detected, including substitutions and deletions.
Approximately 50% of mutations resulted in non-conserved amino acid substitutions or frame shifts.
Over 20 polymorphic mutants demonstrated altered anti-PRRSV and anti-VSV activity in vitro.
Specific mutations in IFN-α subtypes and IFN-ω5 significantly impacted antiviral efficacy.

Conclusions:

Multiple polymorphic isoforms of porcine type I IFNs likely exist.
Polymorphisms are more prevalent in multi-member IFN subtypes, particularly IFN-α.
Altered amino acid composition and ORF shifts in some polymorphic isoforms lead to distinct in vitro antiviral activities.