Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

Dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics provide simplified ratios that help analyze fluid behavior without relying on specific units. The Reynolds number (Re), which represents the ratio of inertial to viscous forces, distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flows, making it essential in the design of pipelines and aerodynamic surfaces. The Froude number (Fr), the ratio of inertial to gravitational forces, is particularly useful in predicting wave formation and hydraulic jumps in...

Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States

Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States

The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:

Conservation of Mass in Finite Cotrol Volume

Conservation of Mass in Finite Cotrol Volume

The principle of conservation of mass is a fundamental law in fluid mechanics and is applied using the continuity equation. We apply the concept to a finite control volume to derive the continuity equation.
A system is defined as a collection of unchanging contents, and the conservation of mass states that a system's mass is constant.

Kohlraush’s Law and its Applications

Kohlraush’s Law and its Applications

Kohlrausch's law explains that at infinite dilution, where dissociation is complete, each ion's contribution to the conductivity of the electrolyte is independent of the nature of other ions present in the solution. It also implies that when an electrolyte is highly diluted, the conductance of the electrolyte is the sum of the individual conductances of the ions it generates upon dissociation. The quantity of electricity an ion carries is proportional to its molar ionic conductance, which...

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If we...

Fermi Level Dynamics

Fermi Level Dynamics

The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dilepton Production from Moaton Quasiparticles.

Physical review letters·2025

Same author

PT symmetry in classical and quantum statistical mechanics.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2013

Same journal

Correction to: 'Stokes settling and particle-laden plumes: implications for deep-sea mining and volcanic eruption plumes' (2020), by Mingotti et al.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Same journal

A stable hothouse triggered by a tipping mechanism.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Same journal

Beyond distance: quantifying point cloud dynamics with persistent homology and dynamic optimal transport.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Same journal

Global stability of the Atlantic overturning circulation: edge state, long transients and boundary crisis under CO2 forcing.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Same journal

Morse index classification and landscape of Kuramoto system for Hebbian-based binary pattern recognition.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Same journal

Interpretable and equation-free response theory for complex systems.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Quark confinement and the renormalization group.

Michael C Ogilvie¹

¹Department of Physics, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA. mco@physics.wustl.edu

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|June 8, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores quark confinement theories, focusing on renormalization group (RG) methods. It covers fundamental concepts like string tension and Wilson loops, and advanced topics such as functional RG and deconfinement transitions.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Area of Science:

High-energy physics
Quantum chromodynamics

Background:

Quark confinement is a fundamental property of quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
Understanding confinement is crucial for explaining the behavior of hadrons.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent theoretical approaches to quark confinement.
To highlight the connection between confinement phenomena and renormalization group (RG) methods.

Main Methods:

Review of established concepts: string tension, Wilson loops, Polyakov lines, string breaking, scaling laws, and center symmetry breaking.
Discussion of advanced topics: confinement on R(3)×S(1), real-space RG, functional RG, and Schwinger-Dyson equations.

Main Results:

Recent theoretical advancements in understanding quark confinement are presented.
The critical role of renormalization group methods in studying confinement is emphasized.

Conclusions:

The review provides a comprehensive overview of current research directions in quark confinement.
It underscores the utility of RG methods and related techniques for tackling confinement problems.