Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
Published on: August 1, 2019
Development and psychometric testing of the colonoscopy embarrassment scale
Kimberly A Mitchell1, Susan M Rawl, Victoria L Champion
1Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, Peoria, IL 61603, USA. kmitch.13@comcast.net
Developing a new tool to measure embarrassment during colonoscopies is crucial for increasing cancer screenings. This study created a reliable scale to help reduce barriers and improve colorectal cancer prevention rates.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Health Psychology
- Medical Sociology
Background:
- Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the U.S.
- Colonoscopies are effective for polyp removal and cancer prevention.
- Embarrassment is a significant, yet poorly understood, barrier to colonoscopy completion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate an instrument measuring embarrassment related to colonoscopy procedures.
- To provide a reliable tool for assessing colonoscopy-related embarrassment.
- To inform interventions aimed at increasing colonoscopy uptake.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional, descriptive research design with a mailed survey.
- Development of a 13-item instrument based on the Transtheoretical Model and Health Belief Model.
- Data collected from 234 health maintenance organization members aged 50-65.
Main Results:
- The developed instrument demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=.96).
- Construct validity of the 13-item scale was established.
- The scale proved to be a unidimensional measure of colonoscopy-related embarrassment.
Conclusions:
- A valid and reliable instrument for measuring colonoscopy-related embarrassment has been developed.
- This scale can be used to inform interventions designed to mitigate embarrassment.
- Reducing embarrassment is expected to increase colonoscopy completion rates and decrease colorectal cancer mortality.
Related Concept Videos
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are: