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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Laser-Induced Action Potential-Like Measurements of Cardiomyocytes on Microelectrode Arrays for Increased Predictivity of Safety Pharmacology
10:41

Laser-Induced Action Potential-Like Measurements of Cardiomyocytes on Microelectrode Arrays for Increased Predictivity of Safety Pharmacology

Published on: September 13, 2022

Delayed fingolimod-associated asystole.

Patricio S Espinosa1, Joseph R Berger

  • 1North Oaks Neurology, Hammond, LA, USA. ps.espinosa@gmail.com

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|June 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral fingolimod, used for multiple sclerosis, can cause serious heart problems like asystole and bradycardia shortly after the first dose. This case highlights the need for careful cardiac monitoring in patients starting this treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Laser-Induced Action Potential-Like Measurements of Cardiomyocytes on Microelectrode Arrays for Increased Predictivity of Safety Pharmacology
10:41

Laser-Induced Action Potential-Like Measurements of Cardiomyocytes on Microelectrode Arrays for Increased Predictivity of Safety Pharmacology

Published on: September 13, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fingolimod is an oral sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • It functions by preventing lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes, thereby reducing disease activity.
  • Clinical trials demonstrate fingolimod's efficacy in reducing relapses and delaying disability progression in MS patients.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a patient with multiple sclerosis is presented.
  • The patient received the first dose of oral fingolimod.
  • Cardiac monitoring revealed significant adverse events occurring approximately 21 hours post-administration.

Findings:

  • The patient developed asystole, a complete cessation of electrical activity in the heart.
  • Sustained bradycardia, characterized by an abnormally slow heart rate, was also observed.
  • These cardiac events occurred within 24 hours of initiating fingolimod therapy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe cardiac adverse events, including asystole and bradycardia, associated with fingolimod initiation.
  • It highlights the critical need for vigilant cardiac monitoring, particularly electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, during the initial treatment period of fingolimod in multiple sclerosis patients.
  • Further investigation into the precise mechanisms and risk factors for fingolimod-induced cardiac events is warranted to optimize patient safety.