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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...

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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

Working memory for braille is shaped by experience.

Henri Cohen1, Peter Scherzer, Robert Viau

  • 1Université Paris Descartes; Cognitive Neuropsychology Lab 71; Boulogne, France.

Communicative & Integrative Biology
|June 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tactile working memory is more developed in individuals with complete blindness compared to those with partial sight. This suggests that life experiences significantly shape working memory capabilities.

Keywords:
Working memoryblindnesscognitive compensationexperience-dependenttactile modality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory is crucial for cognitive tasks.
  • The role of sensory experience in working memory development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of visual impairment on tactile working memory.
  • To propose a model of working memory influenced by experience.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of tactile working memory performance between completely blind and semi-sighted individuals.
  • Adaptation of Baddeley and Hitch's working memory model.

Main Results:

  • Completely blind subjects demonstrated superior tactile working memory compared to semi-sighted subjects.
  • Experience significantly influences the development of tactile working memory.

Conclusions:

  • Visual experience is a critical factor in shaping tactile working memory.
  • A cross-modal network model can explain how experience alters working memory function.