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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
14:09

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

[72-year-old man with syncope and left hemiparesis].

C Weiss1, C Neumeier, F Siclari

  • 1Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Gesundheitszentrum Unterengadin, Scuol, Switzerland. christoph.weiss@cseb.ch

Der Internist
|June 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A painless aortic dissection mimicking a stroke presented with neurological symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention were crucial to avoid fatal outcomes from misdirected thrombolytic therapy.

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Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
14:09

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
09:58

Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury

Published on: November 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Acute aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition often presenting with severe chest or back pain.
  • Neurological deficits can occur but are typically associated with specific dissection types or complications.

Observation:

  • A 72-year-old man presented with left hemiparesis and syncope, initially suspected as ischemic stroke.
  • Clinical examination revealed pulse deficits and unmeasurable blood pressure in the left arm.
  • Cranial computed tomography showed no acute abnormalities.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with acute aortic dissection originating in the ascending aorta and extending to the iliac arteries.
  • The dissection presented solely with neurological symptoms, complicating the initial diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Painless aortic dissection with isolated neurological symptoms poses a significant diagnostic challenge.
  • Misdiagnosis could lead to inappropriate thrombolytic therapy for stroke, with potentially fatal consequences.
  • Early recognition and surgical management are critical for favorable outcomes in such atypical presentations.