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Batteries and Fuel Cells

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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High Temperature Fabrication of Nanostructured Yttria-Stabilized-Zirconia (YSZ) Scaffolds by In Situ Carbon Templating Xerogels

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Improved solid oxide fuel cell performance with nanostructured electrolytes.

Cheng-Chieh Chao¹, Ching-Mei Hsu, Yi Cui

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, California 94305, USA.

|June 11, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel corrugated thin-film electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This innovation aims to enable efficient, low-temperature operation for mobile power applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Conversion

Background:

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer clean energy but require high operating temperatures, limiting their use in mobile applications.
Reducing operating temperatures is crucial for expanding SOFCs' applicability, especially for portable power generation.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate a corrugated thin-film electrolyte membrane for micro-SOFCs.
To decrease polarization and ohmic losses at lower operating temperatures.
To enhance power density for potential mobile and portable power applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized nanosphere lithography to create a nanostructure on the electrolyte membrane.
Employed atomic layer deposition to fabricate the thin-film electrolyte.
Characterized the micro-SOFC electrolyte membrane's nanostructure and performance.

Main Results:

Successfully fabricated a corrugated thin-film electrolyte membrane with a hexagonal-pyramid array nanostructure.
Achieved a power density of 1.34 W/cm² at a reduced operating temperature of 500 °C.
Demonstrated reduced polarization and ohmic losses at lower temperatures.

Conclusions:

The developed micro-SOFC electrolyte membrane shows promise for efficient low-temperature operation.
Arrays of these micro-SOFCs could pave the way for advanced mobile and portable power solutions.
Further research into scaling up these devices is warranted for commercial viability.