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Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Ethers02:17

Physical Properties of Ethers

Overview
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
Ethers can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, making them more water-soluble than hydrocarbons, but since ethers cannot act as hydrogen bond donors, they are much less soluble in water than alcohols. Ethers are considered...
Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration

Overview
Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more substituted...
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Ideal Solutions or Mixtures01:20

Ideal Solutions or Mixtures

From a molecular perspective, an ideal solution is one in which the intermolecular interactions between unlike molecules are, on average, the same as those between like molecules. This is the case for ideal gas mixtures, where the molecules are far apart and do not interact with each other. However, for condensed phases like liquids or solids, the molecules are close together and interact with each other. In an ideal solution, the molecules of different species are so similar to each other that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography
10:11

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 5, 2012

Study of dimethoxyethane/ethanol solutions.

Santiago Aparicio1, Rafael Alcalde, José Luis Trenzado

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Burgosu, 09001, Burgos, Spain. sapar@ubu.es

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals poly(ethylene oxide) and alcohol mixtures form highly structured fluids. The structure arises from interactions between 1,2-dimethoxyethane and ethanol, influencing hydrogen bonding networks.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) + alcohol mixtures exhibit unique properties.
  • Understanding molecular interactions is key to characterizing these mixtures.
  • 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) in ethanol serves as a model system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the molecular structure and interactions in DME/ethanol mixtures.
  • To investigate the influence of DME on ethanol's hydrogen bonding network.
  • To correlate thermophysical properties with molecular-level behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Thermophysical measurements.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
  • Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant deviations from ideality due to hydrogen bonding.
  • DFT elucidated energetic and structural characteristics of hydrogen-bonded complexes.
  • MD simulations revealed microheterogeneities and dynamics influenced by DME.

Conclusions:

  • DME disrupts ethanol's hydrogen bonding network.
  • Mixtures exhibit a highly structured fluid behavior.
  • The balance between disruption and microheterogeneity dictates mixture structure.