Evaluation and impact of cardiotocography training programmes: a systematic review

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Medical Education
• Clinical Practice Improvement

Background:

• Cardiotocography (CTG) interpretation and management are frequently criticized in obstetric malpractice cases.
• Regular CTG training is recommended, but its impact remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review existing literature on CTG training.
• To assess educational strategies, evaluate training programs, and determine their impact.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search of the Medline database identified 409 citations.
• Twenty studies evaluating CTG training programs were included, irrespective of study design.
• Data were analyzed using Kirkpatrick's four-level model for educational evaluation.

Main Results:

• CTG training demonstrated improvements across all Kirkpatrick levels.
• Training led to enhanced CTG knowledge, interpretive skills, interobserver agreement, and quality of care.
• Computer-based training (CBT) may be more time-efficient than classroom teaching; clinical skills may decline faster than theoretical knowledge.

Conclusions:

• Training significantly enhances CTG competence and clinical practice.
• Further research is recommended on CBT, test-enhanced learning, and long-term retention.
• Evaluating training effectiveness and its impact on clinical outcomes requires further investigation.