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Three-dimensional bioactive glass implants fabricated by rapid prototyping based on CO(2) laser cladding.

R Comesaña¹, F Lusquiños, J Del Val

¹Applied Physics Department, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.

Acta Biomaterialia

|June 11, 2011

Summary

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Researchers created 3D bioactive glass implants using laser cladding. S520 bioactive glass showed promising results, with good ion release and biocompatibility for bone regeneration applications.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Additive Manufacturing
Bioceramics

Background:

Bioactive glasses are crucial for bone regeneration.
Traditional manufacturing methods for bioactive glass implants can be limiting.
Rapid prototyping offers a novel approach for complex scaffold fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

To produce 3D bioactive glass implants using laser cladding without molds.
To evaluate the properties and biocompatibility of laser-clad 45S5 and S520 bioactive glasses.
To investigate the potential of S520 bioactive glass for bone tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

Utilized CO(2) laser radiation for melting and layer-by-layer deposition of 45S5 and S520 bioactive glass powders.
Optimized processing parameters to control thermal input and cooling rates for crack-free implants.

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Characterized microstructural properties, chemical composition, and crystallization behavior.

Assessed ion release in Tris buffer and in vitro cytotoxicity using osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells.

Main Results:

Successfully produced fully dense, crack-free 3D bioactive glass implants via laser cladding.
Observed extensive crystallization in 45S5 bioactive glass, while S520 showed limited surface crystallization due to a wider sintering window.
S520 implants demonstrated comparable ion release to amorphous 45S5 glass.
Laser-processed S520 scaffolds exhibited no cytotoxicity and supported osteoblast-like cell attachment and spreading.

Conclusions:

Laser cladding is a viable technique for fabricating 3D bioactive glass implants.
S520 bioactive glass is a suitable material for laser-based additive manufacturing due to its processing characteristics and biocompatibility.
The developed S520 implants show potential for bone regeneration applications.