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A comparison of three training programs with the same workload on overhead throwing velocity with different weighted
Roland van den Tillaar1, Mário C Marques
1Research Center for Sport, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal. info@movementimprovement.no
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|June 11, 2011
Summary
Different throwing programs, focusing on velocity or resistance, can enhance two-handed overhead throwing velocity in high school athletes. All training methods, when matched for workload, yielded similar improvements in throwing speed.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Two-handed overhead throwing is a key skill in sports like soccer.
- Optimizing throwing velocity requires effective training programs.
- Understanding the impact of different training modalities on throwing performance is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether velocity-based, resistance-based, or combined throwing programs enhance two-handed overhead throwing velocity.
- To compare the effectiveness of these programs under matched total workload conditions.
- To determine the influence of different ball weights on throwing velocity outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Sixty-eight high school students participated in a 6-week training intervention with two sessions per week.
- Training groups included velocity (soccer ball), resistance (3-kg medicine ball), and combination protocols, all matched for total workload.
- Throwing velocity was measured using soccer balls and 1-kg and 3-kg medicine balls before and after the training period.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in throwing velocity was observed with the soccer ball (6.9%) and the 1-kg medicine ball (2.8%) after training.
- No significant increase was found with the 3-kg medicine ball (-2.5%).
- No group interaction was found, indicating that velocity, resistance, or combined training similarly enhanced throwing velocity when workload was consistent.
Conclusions:
- Total workload is a critical factor in designing and comparing training programs for improving throwing velocity.
- High school athletes can utilize velocity, resistance, or combined training programs for 6 weeks to enhance two-handed overhead throwing velocity.
- These findings suggest practical applications for coaches aiming to improve soccer throw-in performance.
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