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Maxillofacial injuries in western Iran: a prospective study
Mohammad Zandi1, Adell Khayati, Arash Lamei
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamedan, Iran. zandi88m@yahoo.com
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|June 11, 2011
Summary
Motor vehicle accidents remain the primary cause of facial trauma in Iran, despite decreasing rates elsewhere. Rigid internal fixation is the preferred treatment for facial fractures, with a low rate of postoperative complications.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Epidemiology
- Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Limited data exists on facial injury epidemiology in the Middle East, specifically Iran.
- Facial injuries pose a significant public health concern globally and regionally.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology and treatment modalities of maxillofacial injuries in western Iran.
- To identify the primary causes and common fracture sites associated with facial trauma in the studied population.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 2,450 patients with maxillofacial injuries treated at Besat Hospital, Hamedan City, Iran, from December 2007 to December 2009.
- Data collection included patient demographics, injury mechanisms, fracture types, associated injuries, treatment methods, and postoperative complications.
Main Results:
- Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) were the leading cause of facial injuries (35%), predominantly affecting males (77%).
- Nasal bone fractures were the most common (63.4%), with 90% of patients experiencing soft tissue injuries and 37% sustaining bone fractures.
- Rigid internal fixation was the primary treatment for facial fractures; common complications included malpositioned zygomas and functional/aesthetic issues in nasal-orbital-ethmoid reconstructions.
Conclusions:
- MVAs continue to be the major cause of facial trauma in Iran, potentially linked to inadequate traffic law enforcement and public compliance.
- Rigid internal fixation is the standard treatment for facial fractures, achieving relatively low postoperative complication rates despite injury severity.
