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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...

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Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube High-Frequency Nanoelectronic Biosensor for Sensing in High Ionic Strength Solutions

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Published on: July 22, 2013

Carbon-nanofiber-based nanocomposite membrane as a highly stable solid-state junction for reference electrodes.

Glen D O'Neil¹, Raluca Buiculescu, Samuel P Kounaves

¹Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|June 14, 2011

Summary

A new solid-state reference electrode using a nanofiber junction offers reliable performance for autonomous sensing and environmental monitoring. This novel electrode provides stable ion control and low resistance for electrochemical applications.

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Need for reliable solid-state reference electrodes in autonomous sensing and long-term monitoring.
Limitations of traditional reference electrodes in demanding applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel solid-state nanofiber junction reference electrode (NFJRE).
To characterize the fabrication, impedance, stability, and performance of the NFJRE.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of NFJRE using poly(methyl methacrylate) and carbon graphene stacked nanofibers.
Characterization of junction properties, including high glass transition temperature and low diffusion coefficient.
Electrochemical testing including response to electrolyte concentration and pH, and voltammetric analysis.

Main Results:

NFJRE demonstrated stable response across a wide range of electrolyte concentrations (10^-5 to 10^-2 M).
Consistent performance observed over a broad pH range (2-12).
Excellent behavior in voltammetric applications, indicating suitability for electrochemical measurements.

Conclusions:

The novel NFJRE provides a reliable and stable solid-state reference electrode solution.
The unique nanofiber junction design effectively controls ion diffusion and reduces resistance.
NFJRE shows significant potential for use in autonomous sensing and environmental monitoring.