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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Frontal Disconnection for Treating Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia in Epilepsy (MOGHE) in the Frontal Lobe
06:04

Frontal Disconnection for Treating Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia in Epilepsy (MOGHE) in the Frontal Lobe

Published on: August 16, 2024

Frontal callosal disconnection syndromes.

Giovanni Berlucchi1

  • 1National Institute of Neuroscience, Italy. giovanni.berlucchi@univr.it

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|June 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The corpus callosum

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The corpus callosum facilitates interhemispheric communication between brain cortical areas.
  • Its intricate structure follows a topographic organization, crucial for brain function.
  • Damage to specific sectors causes distinct interhemispheric disconnection symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the topographic organization of human brain's corpus callosum.
  • To correlate specific callosal sectors with distinct disconnection symptoms.
  • To explore the impact of anterior versus posterior callosal damage on cognitive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing novel brain imaging techniques to study corpus callosum structure.
  • Analyzing disconnection symptoms resulting from total or partial corpus callosum section.

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

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  • Comparing effects of anterior and posterior callosal damage.

    • Main Results:

    • Posterior callosal sections (parietal, temporal, occipital lobes) yield more apparent disconnection symptoms.
    • Anterior callosal sections (frontal lobes) primarily result in motor control and bimanual coordination deficits.
    • Despite massive frontal connections, higher cognitive deficits are not yet fully understood.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific callosal sectors are topographically linked to distinct brain regions and functions.
    • Posterior callosal damage significantly impacts sensory and perceptual integration.
    • Future research using advanced imaging and cognitive tests may uncover subtle prefrontal cortex disconnection deficits.