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Published on: April 12, 2024
Prognostic value of carbonic anhydrase IX expression in penile squamous cell carcinoma: a pilot study
Yao Zhu1, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Xu-Dong Yao
1Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Objectives:
To determine whether carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) has prognostic value of lymph node metastases and cancer-specific survival in penile squamous cell carcinoma treated with surgery.
Materials And Methods:
CA IX expression was detected in the primary disease of 73 penile cancer patients using the method of immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of CA IX were categorized into 2 groups according to the cutoff of 10% of positively stained tumor cells. Associations between CA IX expression and clinicopathologic characteristics, immunoreactivity of p53 and Ki-67, and outcomes were analyzed.
Results:
High CA IX expression was observed in 31 (42.5%) of cases. CA IX expression was not associated with patient age, T stage, grade, lymphovascular invasion, and Ki-67 expression, but was associated with p53 expression (P = 0.015). Both univariate and multivariate analysis failed to show CA IX expression was a statistically significant predictor of lymph node metastases and cancer-specific survival.
Conclusions:
Immunohistochemical expression of CA IX did not associate with lymph node metastases and cancer-specific survival in penile squamous cell carcinoma. A panel of prognostic markers that reflect the characteristic of tumor cell and organ microenvironment may be more suitable for prognostication in penile cancer.