Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mapping inequalities in rheumatology care in Europe: the first edition of the EULAR RheumaFacts project.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

The patient journey in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic review.

EULAR rheumatology open·2026
Same author

Insights on unmet needs from a survey among social media editors by EMEUNET.

EULAR rheumatology open·2026
Same author

Invisible pain, visible impact: the urgent need to prioritise women's health in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

Choosing the next option: a scenario-based roadmap for b/tsDMARD sequencing in rheumatoid arthritis.

Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same author

Coral restoration alters reef soundscapes but machine learning and manual analyses suggest different recovery rates.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

The young adult with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): A clinical review of transition, complications, and psychosocial management.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same journal

Impact of fatigue on rheumatic diseases: Current perspectives.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same journal

Pneumocystis prophylaxis in rheumatic disease.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same journal

Cutaneous manifestations in myositis syndromes.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same journal

Systemic sclerosis: A comprehensive systematic review of global epidemiology, sex and ethnic disparities, disease burden, and organ-specific involvement.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same journal

Alopecia across the spectrum of rheumatic disease.

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
04:50

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis.

Loreto Carmona1, Marita Cross, Ben Williams

  • 1Research Unit, Spanish Society of Rheumatology, Calle Marqués del Duero, 5, 28001 Madrid, Spain. loreto.carmona@ser.es

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|June 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects 0.5% of adults globally, with onset influenced by genetics, environment, and demographics. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for improving patient prognosis and survival rates.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
04:50

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease affecting 0.5% of adults worldwide.
  • RA incidence is higher in women over 40, with unclear geographical distribution linked to genetic and environmental factors.
  • RA is associated with comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and infections, and increased mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the onset of rheumatoid arthritis.
  • To explore the geographical distribution and co-occurrence of diseases with RA.
  • To identify factors influencing RA prognosis and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of epidemiological data on RA prevalence and incidence.
  • Examination of genetic and environmental factors associated with RA susceptibility.
  • Analysis of mortality rates and survival data in RA patients compared to the general population.

Main Results:

  • RA affects approximately 0.5% of the global adult population, with higher incidence in women over 40.
  • Geographical distribution is influenced by genetic admixture, environmental factors, and socio-demographic determinants.
  • RA patients face increased mortality, primarily from cardiovascular disease and infections, with survival reduced by 3-10 years.

Conclusions:

  • Gene-environment interactions are the most plausible cause of RA.
  • Disease severity at presentation and management quality significantly impact RA prognosis.
  • Addressing inequalities in RA management is essential for improving patient outcomes.