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Progress in measles mortality reduction in Ethiopia, 2002-2009
Kassahun Mitiku1, Tesfaye Bedada, Balcha G Masresha
1World Health Organization, Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. kasahunm@et.afro.who.int
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|June 14, 2011
Summary
Ethiopia's measles control strategies reduced cases, but suboptimal vaccination coverage still leads to outbreaks. Continued efforts are needed to improve routine and supplementary immunization activities for measles prevention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Ethiopia adopted accelerated measles control strategies in 2002 to decrease measles mortality.
- Routine infant measles vaccination is administered at 9 months, with supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) offering a second opportunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of Ethiopia's measles control strategies on vaccination coverage and disease incidence.
- To assess the effectiveness of routine vaccination and SIAs in reducing measles cases and outbreaks.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of administrative coverage data for routine measles vaccination and SIAs from 2004-2009.
- Review of World Health Organization-United Nations Children's Fund vaccination coverage estimates.
- Examination of measles case-based surveillance data to monitor disease trends.
Main Results:
- Routine measles vaccination coverage increased from 37% in 2000 to 76% in 2009.
- SIAs achieved high coverage rates: 92% (catch-up), 88% (first follow-up), and 92% (second follow-up).
- Measles case-based surveillance met key performance indicator targets between 2005-2009.
Conclusions:
- Measles control strategies led to a documented reduction in reported cases and outbreaks.
- Despite progress, measles outbreaks persisted primarily due to suboptimal vaccination coverage.
- Sustained efforts to improve vaccination coverage are crucial for comprehensive measles elimination.
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