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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
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Published on: January 30, 2026

Age-Related Changes in Biomarkers: Longitudinal Data from a Population-Based Sample.

Dana A Glei, Noreen Goldman, Yu-Hsuan Lin

    Research on Aging
    |June 14, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aging impacts key biological markers, with glycosylated hemoglobin and interleukin-6 increasing, while diastolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance decrease. This longitudinal study reveals significant age-related biomarker changes over six years.

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    Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

    Published on: February 14, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Biomarker Research
    • Longitudinal Studies

    Background:

    • Understanding age-related physiological changes is crucial for disease and mortality insights.
    • Previous research often relied on limited, cross-sectional, or small sample sizes.
    • A comprehensive analysis of diverse biomarkers over time is needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess age-related changes in a wide range of biological markers.
    • To analyze longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample.
    • To identify specific biomarkers that increase or decrease with aging.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a nationally-representative longitudinal sample of 639 Taiwanese individuals aged 54+ in 2000.
    • Tracked changes in numerous biomarkers over a six-year period.
    • Analyzed trends in glycosylated hemoglobin, interleukin-6, norepinephrine, diastolic blood pressure, and creatinine clearance.

    Main Results:

    • Glycosylated hemoglobin, interleukin-6, and norepinephrine showed the most significant increases with age.
    • Diastolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance demonstrated the most notable decreases.
    • Glycosylated hemoglobin increased by 8-13% on average over six years.
    • Standard clinical risk factors showed minimal age-related changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant variations exist in how individual biomarkers change with age.
    • Further research is required to link these biomarker changes to physiological function, health, and survival.
    • Longitudinal biomarker data provides valuable insights into aging processes.