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Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

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Ownership and object history.

Ori Friedman¹, Karen R Neary, Margaret A Defeyter

¹University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. friedman@uwaterloo.ca

New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development

|June 15, 2011

Summary

People judge object ownership by inferring an object's history. This includes considering intentional acts for artifacts versus natural items, and past possession for determining ownership, often favoring the first known possessor.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Social Psychology
Philosophy of Mind

Background:

Understanding object ownership is crucial for social interaction and behavior.
Existing research has explored property rights but less on the cognitive mechanisms of ownership judgments.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and investigate cognitive accounts of how individuals determine object ownership.
To examine the role of object history and intentional acts in ownership judgments.

Main Methods:

The study proposes inferential reasoning models based on object history.
It analyzes assumptions about ownership for artifacts versus natural objects.
It explores the influence of past possession on determining current ownership.

Main Results:

Judgments of whether an object is owned often rely on inferences about its history.
Artifacts are generally assumed to be owned, while natural objects are not, unless overridden by inferred intentional acts.
The "first possessor" heuristic significantly influences judgments of who owns an object.

Conclusions:

Object ownership judgments are primarily driven by inferences about an object's history.
Cognitive biases, such as the first possessor bias, play a key role in ownership attribution.
Understanding these cognitive processes sheds light on fundamental aspects of human social cognition and property concepts.