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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Papillary muscle approximation and relocation with a loop technique for mitral complex repair.

Susumu Isoda1, Motohiko Osako, Tamizo Kimura

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan. isodas@ndmc.ac.jp

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|June 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mitral annuloplasty alone may not fix functional mitral regurgitation. A new surgical technique addresses lateral and apical shifts for better repair of the mitral complex.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Repair Techniques
  • Mitral Valve Disease Management

Background:

  • Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) often results from left ventricular enlargement.
  • Standard mitral annuloplasty may be insufficient for complex FMR.
  • A three-dimensional approach to the mitral complex is necessary for effective repair.

Observation:

  • Undersized annuloplasty alone does not adequately address FMR.
  • Left ventricular enlargement causes displacement of papillary muscles.
  • Apical and lateral displacement of papillary muscles contribute to FMR.

Findings:

  • A novel surgical procedure combines papillary muscle approximation and relocation.
  • Papillary muscle approximation corrects lateral shift.
  • The loop technique accurately corrects apical shift with technical ease.

Implications:

  • This technique offers a more comprehensive solution for FMR.
  • Improved accuracy in correcting papillary muscle displacement can enhance repair outcomes.
  • This approach may lead to better long-term results for patients with FMR due to ventricular enlargement.