[Microcirculatory disorders in hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus]

Fundamental investigations of the role of the endothelium and cell periphery in regulation of vascular tonicity in the last decade of the XX century brought a radical revision of the former conception of circulation. It was discovered that distribution of blood in the arteries depends on operational requirements of the tissues and organs, it is not determined by integrating mechanisms of neuroendocrine regulation. Problems of hemodynamics and microcirculation give rise to much discussion now because neurogenic hypophysis of cardiovascular disease development still has many supporters among medical profession. Progressive disturbances of circulation and hemodynamics may be produced by diseases known as nosological entities for many years. Arterial hypertension often plays a leading role in common polymorbid combinations. It is important to include in basic treatment additional modalities taking consideration of existing at the moment leading risk factors. This involves an individual approach to choice of therapy.