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Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

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Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1
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Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

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Optimal nutritional intake for fetal growth.

Chanakarn Kiataramkul1, Graeme C Wake, Alona Ben-Tal

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. chanakarnppp_k@hotmail.com

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
|June 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Maternal nutrition significantly impacts fetal weight development. This study models optimal nutritional intake for achieving a target birth weight using an optimal control problem, minimizing total maternal intake.

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Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Published on: June 28, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Biomathematics
  • Nutritional science

Background:

  • Maternal nutrition is a critical determinant of fetal growth and birth weight.
  • Fetal weight development can be modeled using deterministic growth laws, such as logistic equations.
  • Nutritional intake influences fetal growth trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal maternal nutritional intake strategy for achieving a pre-assigned fetal birth weight.
  • To model fetal growth as an optimal control problem influenced by daily nutritional intake.
  • To minimize total maternal nutritional intake while meeting target birth weight criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling fetal growth using a logistic equation dependent on nutritional intake.
  • Formulating the problem as an optimal control problem with daily intake as the control variable.
  • Utilizing a Michaelis-Menten relationship to describe the effect of intake on growth.
  • Solving the derived optimality system numerically using an iterative method.

Main Results:

  • The study presents a method to calculate optimal daily nutritional intake for expectant mothers.
  • The approach minimizes total maternal intake required to reach a specific fetal birth weight.
  • The algorithm is generalized to account for cumulative and time-discounted nutritional intake effects.
  • Numerical solutions were obtained for specific parameter values.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optimal control framework provides a generic and adaptable method for managing maternal nutrition during pregnancy.
  • This approach can be applied to various fetal growth laws and physiological parameterizations.
  • Optimizing nutritional intake can lead to improved fetal weight outcomes while minimizing maternal burden.