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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

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Published on: April 19, 2017

Volume completion in 4.5-month-old infants.

Sven Vrins¹, Sabine Hunnius, Rob van Lier

¹Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, The Netherlands. S.Vrins@psych.ru.nl

Acta Psychologica

|June 17, 2011

Summary

Four-and-a-half-month-old infants can visually complete partially hidden 3D objects. This ability develops earlier than previously thought, depending on the strength of 3D visual cues.

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Visual Perception

Background:

Previous research indicated 6-month-olds, not 4-month-olds, could extrapolate simple 3D shapes.
Studies on amodal completion of complex 3D objects in infants are limited.
Infant ability to perceive 3D shape from visual cues is established by 4 months.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate 4.5-month-old infants' capacity for visual completion of self-occluding 3D objects.
To determine if the strength of 3D cues influences amodal completion in young infants.
To explore the development of 3D volume completion and perceived connectedness in infants.

Main Methods:

Habituation paradigm used to assess infant visual completion abilities.
Experiments tested responses to self-occluding 3D objects with varying levels of 3D visual cues.

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Perceived connectedness between separated objects was measured in a second habituation experiment.

Main Results:

4.5-month-old infants demonstrated amodal completion of the occluded back of a 3D object when strong 3D cues were present.
Results provide evidence for 3D volume completion in infants at this age.
The second experiment further supported volume completion by showing perceived connectedness.

Conclusions:

4.5-month-old infants possess the ability for visual completion of self-occluding 3D objects.
The development of 3D amodal completion is influenced by the availability of robust three-dimensional visual information.
This study advances understanding of early visual perception and 3D object representation in infants.