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Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
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Cortex and amygdala morphology in psychopathy.

Marina Boccardi1, Giovanni B Frisoni, Robert D Hare

  • 1LENITEM Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine - IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio-FBF, via Pilastroni, 4, 25100, Brescia, Italy.

Psychiatry Research
|June 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychopathy is linked to significant brain structure differences. This study found reduced orbitofrontal cortex and altered amygdala morphology in violent offenders with psychopathy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Psychopathy involves emotional processing deficits.
  • Neuroimaging studies are increasingly exploring its neural underpinnings.
  • Cerebral correlates of psychopathy require further detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map local differences in cortical and amygdalar morphology in psychopathy.
  • To investigate the cerebral structural correlates of psychopathy.
  • To compare brain morphology between violent offenders with psychopathy and matched controls.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis of 26 violent male offenders diagnosed with psychopathy (PCL-R) and matched controls.
  • Utilized cortical pattern matching and radial distance mapping techniques.
  • Excluded participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Main Results:

  • Observed up to 20% reduction in orbitofrontal and midline cortical structures (bilaterally, p<0.001).
  • Detected up to 30% tissue reduction in the basolateral amygdala nucleus.
  • Found 10-30% enlargement in central and lateral amygdala nuclei (p=0.05 on the right, symmetrical on the left).

Conclusions:

  • Psychopathy is associated with specific morphological alterations in key brain structures.
  • Findings support a hypothesis of alternative evolutionary brain development in psychopathy.
  • Results align with existing clinical and functional data on psychopathy.