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Related Concept Videos

Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
Experimental Designs01:16

Experimental Designs

An experimental design is a systematic process that allows researchers to evaluate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There are three widely used types of experimental design - pre-experimental design, true experimental design, and quasi-experimental design. In pre-experimental design, the researcher compares the data before and after some interventions or treatments. The true-experimental design has more than one purposefully created group, a commonly measured...
Data Collection by Experiments01:13

Data Collection by Experiments

Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method of data collection that involves the manipulation of the samples by applying some form of treatment prior to data collection. It refers to manipulating one variable to determine its changes on another variable. The sample subjected to treatment is known as “experimental units.”
An example of the experimental method is a public clinical trial...
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Antibiotic Selection

Overview
What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
What is an Experiment?01:12

What is an Experiment?

An experiment is a planned activity carried out under controlled conditions. The purpose of an experiment is to investigate the relationship between two variables. When one variable causes change in another, we call the first variable the explanatory or independent variable. The affected variable is called the response or dependent variable. In a randomized experiment, the researcher manipulates values of the explanatory variable and measures the resulting changes in the response variable. The...

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How and When Selection Experiments Might Actually be Useful.

Rebecca C Fuller1, Charles F Baer, Joseph Travis

  • 1School of Computational Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4120.

Integrative and Comparative Biology
|June 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laboratory selection experiments, both natural and artificial, are key to understanding evolutionary variation. Careful design, considering selection intensity, is crucial for insights into trait evolvability and constraints in natural systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Laboratory selection experiments are crucial for studying evolutionary patterns of variation.
  • Natural selection experiments assess the capacity of selective agents to induce sustained trait changes.
  • Artificial selection experiments evaluate trait evolvability and genetic constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility of laboratory natural and artificial selection experiments for evolutionary research.
  • To discuss theoretical and methodological considerations for designing effective selection experiments.
  • To emphasize the importance of selection intensity in experimental design.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on laboratory selection experiments.
  • Analysis of theoretical frameworks for evolutionary experiments.
  • Discussion of methodological considerations, including selection intensity.

Main Results:

  • Laboratory natural selection can reveal sustained trait changes induced by specific agents.
  • Artificial selection elucidates trait evolvability and genetic correlations.
  • Selection intensity significantly impacts experimental outcomes and interpretations.

Conclusions:

  • Sophisticated selection experiments, informed by theory, are valuable beyond model organisms.
  • Applying these experiments in natural systems can enhance understanding of natural variation patterns.
  • Careful experimental design is essential for generating relevant evolutionary insights.