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Intraocular nematode with diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis: case report
Munira Yusoff1, Azma-Azalina Ahmad Alwi, Mariyani Mad Said
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
BMC Ophthalmology
|June 18, 2011
Summary
Intraocular nematodes are rare and can cause significant vision loss. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, but prognosis remains poor due to potential ocular tissue damage.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Parasitology
- Neuro-ophthalmology
Background:
- Live intraocular nematodes are uncommon, posing diagnostic and management challenges.
- Nematode migration within the eye can lead to visual disturbances and tissue damage.
Observation:
- A 26-year-old male presented with decreased vision and floaters in his left eye.
- Fundus examination revealed a subretinal nematode at the macula, with associated macular edema and peripheral chorioretinal lesions.
- Laboratory tests showed leucocytosis but negative Toxocara antibodies.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with intraocular nematode causing diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.
- Treatment with oral anti-helminths and steroids led to nematode death and resolution of retinal lesions.
- Despite treatment, the patient's visual acuity remained poor due to persistent macular edema.
Implications:
- Intraocular nematode infections present diagnostic difficulties and often result in poor visual outcomes.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are essential, though visual prognosis can be guarded.
- This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in unexplained ocular conditions.