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Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Desmosomes

Desmosomes

The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein complexes comprising desmosomal...

Adherens Junctions

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

Adhesion molecules in keratinocytes.

Leo Čabrijan¹, Jasna Lipozenčić

¹Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.

Clinics in Dermatology

|June 18, 2011

Summary

Adhesion molecules mediate cell interactions, particularly in skin inflammation and autoimmune blistering diseases. Understanding these proteins, like cadherins and integrins, is key to studying conditions such as pemphigus.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

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Published on: June 13, 2014

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates

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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

Published on: October 17, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunodermatology
Cellular Biology
Molecular Medicine

Background:

Adhesion molecules are crucial cell surface proteins mediating interactions between lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells.
These molecules are particularly significant in inflammatory skin conditions and autoimmune blistering disorders.
Key families include cadherins, integrins, selectins, and the immunoglobulin superfamily.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the roles of various adhesion molecules in dermatological and autoimmune diseases.
To highlight the specific functions of cadherins, integrins, and selectins in cellular adhesion and immune responses.
To emphasize the involvement of immunoglobulin superfamily molecules in immune and inflammatory processes.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of existing literature on adhesion molecule function.
Analysis of the structural and functional roles of cadherins (e.g., E-cadherin) in desmosomes.
Examination of integrin functions in ligand binding and selectin roles in leukocyte migration.

Main Results:

Cadherins, specifically E-cadherin subgroups like desmoglein 1 and 3, are vital in desmosomes and implicated in pemphigus.
Integrins (e.g., integrin beta 1 alpha 1) link cells to extracellular matrix components like collagen and fibronectin.
Selectins (E, P) facilitate leukocyte migration on endothelial cells, and immunoglobulin superfamily members (ICAMs, VCAM-1) are key in immune signaling.

Conclusions:

Adhesion molecules play multifaceted roles in skin immunity and disease pathogenesis.
Dysregulation of specific adhesion molecules, such as cadherins in pemphigus, underlies autoimmune blistering conditions.
Targeting adhesion molecule pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and autoimmune skin diseases.