Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
Published on: August 9, 2022
Effects of pharmaceutical excipients on cloud points of amphiphilic drugs
Andleeb Z Naqvi1, Malik Abdul Rub, Kabir-ud-Din
1Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. naqviaz@gmail.com
Abstract:
The clouding behavior, i.e., formation of phase separation at elevated temperature (the temperature being known as cloud point (CP)), of three amphiphilic drugs, amitriptyline (AMT), clomipramine (CLP) and imipramine (IMP) hydrochlorides in the presence of various additives, like cationic surfactants (conventional and gemini), nonionic surfactants, bile salts, anionic hydrotropes, sodium salts of fatty acids and cyclodextrin has been investigated. These additives are generally used as drug delivery systems. The drugs used are tricyclic antidepressants. All the surfactants increase the CP of mixed micelles formed by cationic (conventional and gemini) and nonionic surfactants. Hydrotropes, bile salts and fatty acid salts, when added in low concentrations, increase the CP, whereas at high concentrations, they decrease it. β-Cyclodextrin behaves as simple sugar and decreases the CP of the drug solutions.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Excipients and Impurities-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement
