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Oncogenes and avian development.

F Dieterlen-Lievre1, T Jaffredo, N Bachnou

  • 1Institut d'Embryologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du CNRS, Nogent sur Marne, France.

The International Journal of Developmental Biology
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers investigated oncogene activity in avian development using in situ detection and retroviral disruption. They found c-myc expression depends on cell type, not developmental phase, and oncogenes can induce heart tumors in developing avian embryos.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Oncogene activity is crucial for understanding cancer development.
  • Avian ontogeny provides a model for studying early developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect oncogene activity during avian development.
  • To elucidate the role of oncogenes in avian ontogeny.
  • To investigate the oncogenic potential of retroviruses in avian embryos.

Main Methods:

  • In situ detection of oncogene protein products and messenger RNA (mRNA) at various developmental stages.
  • Retroviral delivery of activated oncogenes to disrupt avian development.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns (c-myc, c-myb, c-ets mRNA).

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Main Results:

  • c-myc expression was cell-type specific, not linked to specific cell evolution phases.
  • c-myb and c-ets mRNAs were preferentially expressed in the blood system.
  • Early embryonic heart was highly sensitive to retroviruses carrying v-myc, leading to rhabdomyosarcomas in 70% of chick and all quail embryos.
  • Secondary tumors in chickens were influenced by additional oncogenes present in the retrovirus.

Conclusions:

  • Oncogene expression patterns are complex and cell-dependent during avian development.
  • Specific oncogenes, delivered via retroviruses, can induce targeted tumor formation in developing avian hearts.
  • Avian embryos are a sensitive model for studying oncogenesis and the effects of specific oncogenes.