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Low-frequency noise from large wind turbines.

Henrik Møller¹, Christian Sejer Pedersen

¹Section of Acoustics, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7-B5, DK-9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark. hm@acoustics.aau.dk

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|June 21, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Larger wind turbines produce more low-frequency noise, which is a significant concern for nearby residents. This study confirms that increased turbine size correlates with a higher proportion of low-frequency sound emissions.

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Area of Science:

Acoustics
Environmental Science
Renewable Energy Engineering

Background:

Growing concerns exist regarding the acoustic impact of increasingly large wind turbines.
The potential for low-frequency noise (LFN) from wind turbines to cause annoyance to nearby residents is a key issue.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze and discuss the noise emission characteristics of wind turbines, focusing on low-frequency content.
To investigate the relationship between wind turbine size and the spectral distribution of emitted noise.

Main Methods:

Analysis of noise emission data from 48 wind turbines with varying nominal electric power (up to 3.6 MW).
Statistical comparison of low-frequency noise levels between smaller (≤ 2 MW) and larger (2.3-3.6 MW) turbines.
Consideration of A-weighted sound pressure levels and air absorption effects at relevant distances.

Main Results:

A statistically significant higher relative amount of low-frequency noise was observed in larger wind turbines compared to smaller ones.
This difference corresponds to a downward spectral shift of approximately one-third of an octave for larger turbines.
Even with A-weighting, a substantial portion of the noise from large turbines falls within low frequencies (≤ 250 Hz at peak levels).

Conclusions:

The low-frequency component of wind turbine noise plays a critical role in the acoustic impact on neighboring environments.
Future large-scale turbines (e.g., 10 MW) may exhibit further downward spectral shifts in their noise emissions.
The findings underscore the importance of addressing low-frequency noise in the design and siting of wind energy facilities.