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Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy
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Published on: February 25, 2021

[Cyanobacterial genome transposable element mining and analysis based on 454 deep-sequencing data set].

Peng Xiao1, Ren-Hui Li

  • 1Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China. xp@ihb.ac.cn

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a new framework for analyzing transposable element abundance using simulated deep sequencing data. The method accurately identifies insert sequence (IS) elements, offering a reliable approach for genome studies.

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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Comparative genome analysis and transposable element (TE) studies are crucial for understanding genome evolution.
  • Traditional methods using spliced genomes face challenges with short-read sequencing data (e.g., Roche 454) and repeat element misassembly.
  • Accurate analysis of TE composition and abundance is vital for genome research.

Purpose:

  • To develop an automated framework for analyzing insert sequence (IS) abundance and composition.
  • To validate the framework using simulated Roche 454 deep-sequencing data of the Microcystis aeruginosa NIES 843 genome.
  • To establish reliable thresholds for IS element candidate classification and transposase analysis.

Summary:

  • The developed framework accurately assessed IS element abundance at 10.38% in simulated 454 data, identifying 14 IS families and 66 subfamilies.
  • Results showed high overlap with previous analyses based on spliced M. aeruginosa NIES 843 genomes, confirming the framework's reliability.
  • Optimized analysis involved classifying IS element candidates into three groups and using separate transposase thresholds.

Impact:

  • Provides a robust computational framework for analyzing TE abundance from challenging short-read sequencing data.
  • Enhances the accuracy and reliability of genome-wide TE analysis, particularly for microbial genomes.
  • Facilitates deeper insights into genome composition and evolutionary dynamics driven by transposable elements.