Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2026

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
Published on: July 24, 2016
Recurrent enterovirus encephalitis: chance or something else?
Frankie Wai Tsoi Cheng1, Paul K S Chan, Wendy C S Ho
1Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Paediatrics, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
Abstract:
A 22-month-old boy presented with repeated enterovirus infections including two episodes of encephalitis at the age of 8 months and 16 months and two episodes of febrile illnesses at 14 and 19 months old. These episodes were associated with at least two different serotypes of enterovirus. There were no residual neurological deficits and he underwent complete recovery in between. Immunology workup showed normal circulating leucocyte differential counts and lymphocyte subsets. His serum IgG concentration was persistently low but could mount satisfactory specific antibody responses to booster vaccines. The clinical picture was compatible with transient hypogammaglobulinaemia of infancy (THI) which was traditionally believed not to be associated with serious viral infections. This is the first case report to alert physicians that repeated serious enterovirus infections can happen in a relatively benign immunodeficiency disease.
Related Concept Videos
Encephalitis l: Introduction
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Arboviral Encephalitis
Viral Meningitis
Viral Recombination
Poliomyelitis

