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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

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Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
09:17

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: March 3, 2023

Pleural effusion: what lies underneath?

L Vaz Rodrigues1, J Raposo, C Mendonça

  • 1Department of Pulmonology, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, EPE, Quinta dos Vales, S. Martinho do Bispo, Coimbra, Portugal.

BMJ Case Reports
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma can be challenging due to its varied histology and difficulty differentiating it from other cancers. Immunohistochemical markers are crucial for accurate diagnosis in complex cases.

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A Pleural Effusion Model in Rats by Intratracheal Instillation of Polyacrylate/Nanosilica
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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
09:17

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: March 3, 2023

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
03:22

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Published on: November 10, 2023

A Pleural Effusion Model in Rats by Intratracheal Instillation of Polyacrylate/Nanosilica
03:32

A Pleural Effusion Model in Rats by Intratracheal Instillation of Polyacrylate/Nanosilica

Published on: April 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer affecting serous membranes, primarily the pleura.
  • Diagnosis is complicated by a lack of specific markers, diverse histological subtypes, and challenges in distinguishing it from other pleural tumors.
  • Malignant mesothelioma typically has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of malignant pleural mesothelioma with endobronchial extension.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges associated with this condition.
  • To emphasize the importance of specific diagnostic tools in confirming the disease.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic procedures included fiberoptic bronchoscopy and blind needle pleural biopsy.
  • Histological evaluation of biopsy specimens was performed.
  • Immunohistochemical markers were utilized for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • The patient was diagnosed with malignant pleural mesothelioma with endobronchial extension.
  • Accurate diagnosis was achieved through comprehensive histological examination and immunohistochemistry.
  • The case illustrates the diagnostic difficulties in differentiating mesothelioma from other malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma requires meticulous histological assessment.
  • Immunohistochemistry plays a vital role in confirming the diagnosis, especially in cases with endobronchial extension.
  • This case underscores the complexity of mesothelioma diagnosis and the need for specialized techniques.