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Updated: May 31, 2026

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Localised retinal vasculitis in cat scratch disease.

David Jonathan Jacobs1, Michele L Scott, M Madison Slusher

  • 1Wake Forest Eye Center, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
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An 8-year-old boy with cat scratch disease (CSD) experienced atypical ocular symptoms including retinal vasculitis. His vision improved significantly without treatment, though retinal artery inflammation persisted.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cat scratch disease (CSD) is a bacterial infection typically caused by Bartonella henselae.
  • Ocular manifestations of CSD can vary, but retinal vasculitis is uncommon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an unusual case of ocular CSD presenting with retinal arterial vasculitis.
  • To describe the clinical course and visual outcome in a pediatric patient with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 8-year-old male with suspected CSD.
  • Clinical examination, ophthalmological assessment including funduscopy, and serological testing for Bartonella henselae antibodies.
  • 18-month follow-up of visual acuity and funduscopic findings.

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Main Results:

  • The patient presented with localized retinal arterial vasculitis and retinal edema.
  • Diagnosis of CSD was confirmed by high Bartonella henselae antibody titers and relevant history.
  • Best corrected visual acuity improved from 20/30-2 to 20/25+3 in the affected eye over 18 months without intervention.
  • Persistent retinal artery sheathing was noted despite visual improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular CSD can present atypically with retinal arterial vasculitis and edema.
  • Prompt diagnosis and supportive care may lead to favorable visual outcomes in pediatric CSD.
  • Long-term monitoring is essential as retinal vascular changes may persist.