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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

A Permanent Window for Investigating Cancer Metastasis to the Lung
07:06

A Permanent Window for Investigating Cancer Metastasis to the Lung

Published on: July 1, 2021

Keep an eye on the lung.

Atef Michael1, Kushal Pujara, Paul Beckett

  • 1Russells Hall Hospital, Geriatric Medicine Department, Bensenett Road, Dudley, DY1 2HQ, UK.

BMJ Case Reports
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A 42-year-old man with fatigue, weight loss, and cough was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. This rare condition caused lung opacities and granulomata, confirmed by biopsy.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that can affect multiple organs.
  • Ocular symptoms, such as anisocoria (unequal pupil sizes), can be an early sign of sarcoidosis.
  • Systemic symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and cough are common in sarcoidosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case study of a patient with sarcoidosis.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and multidisciplinary approach required for sarcoidosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering sarcoidosis in patients with unexplained systemic and ocular symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation and patient history.
  • Ophthalmological examination revealing anisocoria.

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  • Imaging studies including chest X-ray and high-resolution CT scan.
  • Histopathological examination of transbronchial biopsies.

    • Main Results:

    • The patient presented with anisocoria, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and cough.
    • Chest imaging revealed bilateral lung opacities and nodular shadowing.
    • Transbronchial biopsies confirmed non-caseating epithelioid granulomata, indicative of sarcoidosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Sarcoidosis can present with diverse symptoms, including ocular and pulmonary manifestations.
    • A combination of clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
    • Early diagnosis and management of sarcoidosis are essential to prevent long-term complications.