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Cerebral vasculopathy associated with primary varicella infection
J F Caekebeke1, A C Peters, B Vandvik
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Archives of Neurology
|September 1, 1990
Summary
Varicella zoster virus (chickenpox) can cause cerebral vasculopathy and acute hemiparesis in children. This self-limiting condition is linked to varicella-specific IgG in cerebrospinal fluid.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Cerebral vasculopathy is a known complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a common childhood infection.
Observation:
- A previously healthy 5-year-old boy experienced two episodes of acute hemiparesis.
- These episodes occurred 3 and 9 months after primary varicella infection (chickenpox).
Findings:
- Diagnosis confirmed by oligoclonal varicella-specific IgG in cerebrospinal fluid and angiographic findings.
- Evidence suggests a self-limiting course of VZV-induced vasculopathy.
- Thymidine kinase activity levels supported the diagnosis and disease course.
Implications:
- Varicella zoster virus should be considered a potential cause of acute childhood hemiplegia.
- This case highlights a novel association between primary VZV infection and cerebral vasculopathy.
- Further research is warranted to understand the pathogenesis and long-term outcomes.