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Mesenchymal stem cells in infantile hemangioma reside in the perivascular region

Si-Ming Yuan1, Rong-Liang Chen, Wei-Min Shen

  • 1Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology : the Official Journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society
|June 22, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from infantile hemangioma reside in perivascular regions. These hemangioma-derived MSCs possess multipotent differentiation capabilities, confirming their origin and potential role in hemangioma development.

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common pediatric vascular tumor characterized by rapid proliferation followed by slow regression.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are implicated in the adipogenesis of regressing hemangiomas.
  • Recent research suggests MSCs originate from perivascular niches in various tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential perivascular origin of MSCs within proliferating infantile hemangiomas.
  • To characterize hemangioma-derived MSCs (Hem-MSCs) and assess their multipotency.
  • To identify specific markers for Hem-MSCs in their native perivascular environment.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and culture of MSCs from proliferating hemangioma tissue.
  • Characterization of Hem-MSCs using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence for specific cell markers (e.g., PDGFR-β, CD133, PPAR-γ, α-SMA, CD31).
  • In vitro differentiation assays to confirm multipotency (adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis).
  • Immunohistochemistry to localize Hem-MSCs within the perivascular region of hemangioma tissue.

Main Results:

  • Hem-MSCs were successfully isolated and exhibited fibroblast-like morphology.
  • Hem-MSCs expressed standard MSC markers (CD105, CD90, CD29, vimentin) and CD133, PPAR-γ, PDGFR-β, and α-SMA.
  • Hem-MSCs demonstrated in vitro differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondroblasts.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed the perivascular localization of Hem-MSCs, co-expressing PDGFR-β/α-SMA, CD133/α-SMA, and PPAR-γ/α-SMA.

Conclusions:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from proliferating infantile hemangiomas.
  • These Hem-MSCs originate from the perivascular niche.
  • The findings support the perivascular origin of MSCs in hemangioma and their potential role in tumor development and regression.

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