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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Some receptors remain unoccupied even when an agonist produces a maximal response. Such empty ones are called spare receptors. In presence of spare receptors the maximum effect of an agonist drug is achieved with fewer than 100% of the receptors being occupied. To determine the presence of spare receptors, scientists often compare the concentration of the drug needed to produce 50% of the maximum effect (EC50) with the concentration of the drug needed to occupy 50% of the receptors (Kd). If the...
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Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
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Published on: August 10, 2012

Dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and venturesomeness.

Nina Bernow1, Igor Yakushev, Christian Landvogt

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Psychiatry Research
|June 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that venturesomeness, a personality trait, is linked to dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability in specific brain regions like the temporal cortex and thalamus in healthy males. This suggests a role for dopamine in modulating this aspect of impulsivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Impulsivity is a key personality trait with complex neurobiological underpinnings.
  • The mesolimbic dopamine system is implicated in modulating impulsivity and venturesomeness.
  • Understanding the dopaminergic modulation of impulsivity traits is crucial for psychological and neurological research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between self-assessed trait impulsivity and in vivo dopaminergic neurotransmission in healthy males.
  • To explore the relationship between D2/D3 receptor availability and specific components of impulsivity, namely impulsiveness, venturesomeness, and empathy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized [(18)F]fallypride Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to measure in vivo D2/D3 receptor availability in 18 healthy, non-smoking male subjects.
  • Assessed trait impulsivity using the Impulsiveness-Venturesomeness-Empathy (I7) questionnaire.
  • Employed voxel-by-voxel analysis using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) software for image processing and statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was observed between the venturesomeness subscale of the I7 questionnaire and D2/D3 receptor availability in the left temporal cortex and thalamus.
  • No significant correlations were found between the impulsiveness or empathy subscales of the I7 questionnaire and D2/D3 receptor availability in any brain region examined.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that extrastriatal dopaminergic neurotransmission, specifically D2/D3 receptor availability in the temporal cortex and thalamus, is associated with venturesomeness.
  • This research highlights a potential neurobiological link between dopamine pathways and specific facets of personality traits related to impulsivity.