Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2026

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
Published on: January 20, 2023
Regulation of stomatal density by the GTL1 transcription factor for improving water use efficiency
Chan Yul Yoo1, Paul M Hasegawa, Michael V Mickelbart
1Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Abstract:
A stoma (pl. stomata) is the pore formed by two guard cells found predominantly in the leaf epidermis. Plants control stomatal aperture (opening and closing) and/or number (density) to regulate carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and water loss (transpiration), which is necessary to optimize plant growth, development, and fitness in response to various environmental conditions. Recently, we identified Arabidopsis GT2-LIKE 1 (GTL1) as a transcriptional repressor of STOMATAL DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION 1 (SDD1), a negative regulator of stomatal density. GTL1 directly interacts with the SDD1 promoter regulating stomatal density, transpiration, and water use efficiency (WUE). Here we discuss potential GTL1 orthologs in other plant species.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

