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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Published on: February 16, 2019

Directional acoustic underwater thruster.

Ziyu Wang, Xiaotun Qiu, Jie Zhu

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

|June 23, 2011

Summary

This study presents a novel underwater thruster utilizing acoustic waves for propulsion, offering controllable directional movement without any moving parts. The prototype achieves significant thrust, demonstrating a new approach to underwater locomotion.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Acoustic propulsion
Robotics

Background:

Conventional thrusters often involve complex mechanical components prone to wear and failure.
Developing efficient, low-maintenance propulsion systems is crucial for underwater exploration and operations.

Discussion:

The prototype employs high-intensity acoustic waves to generate directional water jets, creating thrust via acoustic streaming.
A self-focusing acoustic transducer (SFAT) with air reflectors enhances the acoustic streaming effect for improved performance.

Key Insights:

The device achieves controllable directional thrust without moving parts, simplifying design and maintenance.
Tested performance includes 2.3 mN backward thrust and 0.6 mN lateral thrust at a non-vertical angle.
A notable thrust-to-weight ratio of 2:1 was recorded, indicating efficient propulsion.

Outlook:

Further research can optimize SFAT design for greater thrust and efficiency.
This technology holds potential for micro-robotics and silent underwater vehicle applications.
Integration into larger autonomous underwater vehicles could revolutionize marine exploration.