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Related Concept Videos

Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

Positive Regulator Molecules

To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Inhibition of CDK Activity02:34

Inhibition of CDK Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
12:02

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

Rising cyclin-CDK levels order cell cycle events.

Catherine Oikonomou1, Frederick R Cross

  • 1Laboratory of Cell Cycle Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America.

Plos One
|June 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mitotic events are ordered by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) thresholds. Precise cyclin levels ensure timely and accurate cell division, with optimal expression balancing efficiency and preventing errors.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mitotic events are precisely ordered and timed by a single cyclin-CDK regulator.
  • The 'quantitative model' proposes that increasing cyclin-CDK levels sequentially trigger events based on their required thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the 'quantitative model' of mitotic event ordering.
  • To investigate the relationship between cyclin levels and the timing/efficiency of mitotic events.

Main Methods:

  • Titration of the budding yeast mitotic cyclin Clb2 to stable, fixed levels.
  • Measurement of the timing of growth depolarization, spindle formation, and spindle elongation at varying fixed Clb2 levels.

Main Results:

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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

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Measuring Cell Cycle Progression Kinetics with Metabolic Labeling and Flow Cytometry
11:23

Measuring Cell Cycle Progression Kinetics with Metabolic Labeling and Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 22, 2012

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Published on: June 6, 2017

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

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Measuring Cell Cycle Progression Kinetics with Metabolic Labeling and Flow Cytometry
11:23

Measuring Cell Cycle Progression Kinetics with Metabolic Labeling and Flow Cytometry

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  • Mitotic events occurred efficiently and with low variability at fixed Clb2 levels corresponding to their normal occurrence.
  • Moderate overexpression of Clb2 accelerated cell cycles but also increased inviability due to premature mitoses.
  • The data supports the model that events are triggered by discrete cyclin-CDK thresholds.

    • Conclusions:

    • Mitotic events are regulated by sequential cyclin-CDK thresholds, ensuring reliable order and timing.
    • Optimal cyclin expression levels balance the fitness costs of variability and catastrophic errors.
    • Graded biological inputs are translated into discrete outputs through tuned regulator expression.