Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

TB screening of children from Ukraine in Germany.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2025
Same author

TB among refugees from Ukraine in European countries.

IJTLD open·2024
Same author

TB screening of Ukrainian refugees in Germany.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2023
Same author

Clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB infection.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2022
Same author

Knowledge, attitudes and practices on childhood TB among healthcare workers.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2022
Same author

Protecting healthcare workers from TB.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2022

Related Experiment Videos

[New recommendations for contact tracing in tuberculosis].

R Diel1, G Loytved, A Nienhaus

  • 1Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin. info@dzk-tuberkulose.de

Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband Der Arzte Des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))
|June 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) are now recommended over the tuberculin skin test (TST) for adults to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). For children, test choice depends on age, with TST preferred for those under five.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • The German Central Committee against Tuberculosis (DZK) updated recommendations in 2007, incorporating interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) for tuberculosis contact tracing.
  • Significant research has since validated the utility and performance of IGRAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update recommendations for tuberculosis contact tracing, focusing on the role of IGRAs versus the tuberculin skin test (TST).
  • To provide guidance on the appropriate use of IGRAs and TST in different age groups and clinical scenarios for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the accuracy and utility of IGRAs and TST in various populations.
  • Analysis of diagnostic performance data, particularly sensitivity and specificity, in adult and pediatric populations.
  • Consideration of factors like BCG vaccination status and age in test selection.

Main Results:

  • IGRAs demonstrate superior sensitivity and specificity compared to TST in BCG-vaccinated adults for detecting LTBI.
  • The TST remains the preferred method for children under five due to insufficient data on IGRA accuracy in this age group.
  • For older children, either IGRA or TST can be used, with no clear evidence of IGRA superiority.
  • Careful selection of close contacts is crucial to ensure positive test results indicate recent infection and maximize the benefit of preventive treatment.
  • Re-testing individuals already positive for LTBI should be avoided due to the risk of false-negative results.

Conclusions:

  • IGRAs are recommended for LTBI detection in adults, replacing two-step testing with TST.
  • Diagnostic testing strategies for LTBI in children require age-specific considerations.
  • Optimizing contact tracing and preventive treatment relies on accurate testing and appropriate patient selection.