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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Production and Administration of Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell (MSC) Spheroids Primed in 3-D Cultures Under Xeno-free Conditions
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Production and Administration of Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell (MSC) Spheroids Primed in 3-D Cultures Under Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: March 18, 2017

Turning round: multipotent stromal cells, a three-dimensional revolution?

Fatima A Saleh1, Paul G Genever

  • 1Department of Biology (Area 9), University of York, York, UK.

Cytotherapy
|June 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional (3-D) cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) mimic in vivo conditions, enhancing stem cell properties and therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine and beyond.

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Published on: February 28, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are crucial for skeletal tissue regeneration and studying lineage commitment.
  • Current research primarily uses 2-D cultures, which do not fully replicate the in vivo cellular environment.
  • 3-D culture techniques offer a more physiologically relevant in vitro system for MSC research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore 3-D in vitro culture techniques for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC).
  • To evaluate the impact of 3-D spheroid culture on MSC behavior and stem cell attributes.
  • To highlight the potential of 3-D MSC cultures in regenerative medicine, anti-inflammatory treatments, and cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of various 3-D in vitro culture techniques applicable to MSC.
  • Culturing MSC as 3-D spheroids to assess cell behavior and stemness.
  • Analysis of microenvironmental influences within 3-D cultures for tissue-resident stem cells.

Main Results:

  • MSC grown in 3-D spheroids exhibit appropriate MSC-like behavior.
  • 3-D spheroid culture appears to enhance MSC stem cell attributes.
  • 3-D cultures facilitate the study of stem cell niches and microenvironmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • 3-D culture systems provide a more in vivo-like environment for MSC research.
  • Enhanced stem cell properties in 3-D MSC cultures suggest significant therapeutic potential.
  • 3-D techniques enable the deconstruction and study of stem cell niches and their regulatory mechanisms.