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Unusual growth variants of Avibacterium paragallinarum

P J Blackall1, H Christensen, M Bisgaard

  • 1Animal Research Institute, Agri-Science Queensland, DEEDI, Yeerongpilly, QLD, Australia. p.blackall@uq.edu.au

Australian Veterinary Journal
|June 24, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Two chicken bacterial isolates, previously unculturable, were identified as Avibacterium paragallinarum using Staphylococcus epidermidis filtrate. This finding highlights the importance of specialized media for diagnosing avian respiratory disease.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Avian Pathology

Background:

  • Two bacterial isolates from chickens in the 1980s exhibited challenging growth requirements.
  • Standard culture media were insufficient for the propagation of these haemophilic bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-examine and identify two previously uncharacterized bacterial isolates from chickens.
  • To determine the specific growth factors required by these difficult-to-culture bacteria.
  • To confirm the identity and serovar of the isolates using modern techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Modified culture media incorporating sterile Staphylococcus epidermidis filtrate were utilized.
  • Genotypic analysis was performed to ascertain bacterial identity.
  • Serotypic studies were conducted to determine the serovar of the isolates.

Main Results:

  • The addition of Staphylococcus epidermidis filtrate enabled the growth of both isolates in liquid and solid media.
  • Genotypic and serotypic analyses confirmed both isolates as Avibacterium paragallinarum.
  • One isolate was identified as serovar A, and the other as serovar C.

Conclusions:

  • The unusual nutritional requirements of these Avibacterium paragallinarum strains necessitate specialized diagnostic approaches.
  • Diagnostic laboratories must consider the need for supplemented media when examining chickens with respiratory symptoms.
  • Accurate identification of Avibacterium paragallinarum is crucial for understanding and managing avian upper respiratory tract disease.

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