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Related Concept Videos

Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence01:26

Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
09:38

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures

Published on: January 7, 2019

Solid-phase fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize organic wastes.

Mathieu Muller1, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori, Stéphane Déléris

  • 1INRA, UMR 1222, Ecologie Microbienne et Biogéochimie du sol, 2 Place Pierre Viala, bâtiment 12, Montpellier cedex 2 F-34060, France.

Waste Management (New York, N.Y.)
|June 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solid organic waste characterization can be improved using spectroscopy. Solid-phase fluorescence (SPF) spectroscopy works for some wastes, while laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is better for dark, complex samples like sewage sludge.

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High-Throughput Measurement and Classification of Organic P in Environmental Samples
08:58

High-Throughput Measurement and Classification of Organic P in Environmental Samples

Published on: June 8, 2011

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Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
09:38

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures

Published on: January 7, 2019

Time-resolved Photophysical Characterization of Triplet-harvesting Organic Compounds at an Oxygen-free Environment Using an iCCD Camera
06:08

Time-resolved Photophysical Characterization of Triplet-harvesting Organic Compounds at an Oxygen-free Environment Using an iCCD Camera

Published on: December 27, 2018

High-Throughput Measurement and Classification of Organic P in Environmental Samples
08:58

High-Throughput Measurement and Classification of Organic P in Environmental Samples

Published on: June 8, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Increasing solid organic waste (SOW) in Europe necessitates efficient characterization for biological treatment processes like anaerobic digestion and composting.
  • Current methods for quantifying and qualifying organic matter (OM) in SOW are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often lack sufficient detail.
  • Accurate SOW characterization is crucial for optimizing bio-energy production and organic fertilizer quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of solid-phase fluorescence (SPF) spectroscopy for rapid characterization of solid organic waste (SOW).
  • To identify limitations of SPF spectroscopy and explore alternative spectroscopic methods for challenging SOW matrices.
  • To provide insights into the optical properties of SOW components influencing spectroscopic analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Three-dimensional solid-phase fluorescence (3D-SPF) spectroscopy was employed to analyze model compounds (tryptophan, bovine serum albumin, lignin, humic acid) and biological matrices (Escherichia coli).
  • SPF spectroscopy was applied to various SOW samples, including municipal solid waste (MSW) and its components, as well as sewage sludge (SS) and sludge compost (SC).
  • Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy was utilized for samples where SPF yielded limited results, particularly dark-colored and ligno-cellulosic materials.

Main Results:

  • SPF spectroscopy successfully detected fluorescence from proteinaceous model compounds and MSW, but not from lignin, humic acid, SS, SC, or ligno-cellulosic wastes.
  • The inability to obtain SPF spectra from dark-colored SOW samples was attributed to high light-absorptive chemical structures.
  • Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy proved effective in acquiring 2D fluorescence spectra from these challenging, dark-colored SOW samples.

Conclusions:

  • Solid-phase fluorescence (SPF) spectroscopy offers a rapid characterization method for certain types of solid organic waste (SOW), particularly those rich in proteins.
  • The presence of highly light-absorptive compounds in materials like sewage sludge and compost limits the applicability of standard SPF.
  • Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy is a viable alternative for analyzing complex, dark SOW, enabling fluorescence data acquisition where SPF fails.