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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis
08:20

Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis

Published on: June 2, 2022

Amebic encephalitis.

Peter L Mayer1, Julie A Larkin, Jill M Hennessy

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Florida State University, Florida, United States.

Surgical Neurology International
|June 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) is a rare brain infection in immunocompromised individuals. Early imaging may not reveal the parasitic infection, complicating diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
AcanthamoebaAmebaencephalitisgranulomatous amebic encephalitis

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis
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Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
05:51

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) is a rare, severe central nervous system infection.
  • It primarily affects immunocompromised patients, presenting with nonspecific symptoms.
  • Imaging findings in GAE can be variable and may not indicate parasitic infection.

Observation:

  • A 79-year-old male with autoimmune hepatitis on immunosuppression presented with acute febrile illness and obtundation.
  • Initial brain imaging showed a nonenhancing frontal lobe mass.
  • Despite temporary improvement with steroids, the lesion enlarged, leading to herniation.

Findings:

  • Surgical evacuation revealed a necrotic brain lesion.
  • Permanent pathology confirmed GAE caused by Acanthamoeba.
  • The aggressive, necrotizing parasitic infection was not clearly visualized on initial imaging.

Implications:

  • Neurosurgeons must consider GAE in immunocompromised patients with nonspecific neurological presentations.
  • Radiological findings, including lack of enhancement or necrosis, should not exclude GAE.
  • Awareness of GAE is crucial for timely diagnosis and management in at-risk populations.